Name

Professor

Course

Date

Alternative Medicine in Pharmacology

Goldman, Peter. “Herbal medicines today and the roots of modern pharmacology.” Annals of internal medicine 135.8_Part_1 (2001): 594-600.

The modern principles of pharmacology that have enhanced the development of safer and more effective drug production were guided by the existence of folk medicine. Through the measurements of concentration and chemical components, herbal medicine was improved. Through the application of randomized trials and controlled trials herbs have been evaluated and found to be effective. It is noted that the adverse effects of herb medicine go unreported and the inconsistency in their components raise issues with the safety of the treatment model. Their effects cannot be certain as their study shows standardization due to lack of consistency thus unlike modern medicine later complications of herbal medicine cannot be linked. The article has recorded evidence-based models that show herbs and modern medicine cannot be used together due to uncertainty of the reactions involved. Although studies conducted indicated effectiveness of herbal medicine, the issues on safety and consistency need to address to ensure that herbal medicine as alternatives to pharmacology medicine can rely on upon without concerns, thus the need for standardization as the burden of proof is on drug and drug administration. As alternatives to pharmacology medicine, herbal medicine is often regulated as dietary supplements even though they are not officially subject to regulatory clearance that pharmacology medicine is needed, such as proved effects, safety and demonstrated later effects associated with their consumptions.

Li, Shao, et al. “Network pharmacology in traditional chinese medicine.” Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2014 (2014).

The next discovery model in drugs has seen the rise of network pharmacology that focuses on the shift from one drug, one target to the network target, with multiple forms of medication nor even treatment. This provision is used to prove the traditional holistic approach that was utilized by the Chinese traditional herbalists. This form with the used of technological advancement can be the next future of pharmacology medicine providing alternatives for a targeted drug. The traditional Chinese medicine has often offered an in-depth perspective that helps to control various diseases control measures. The integration of traditional Chinese model through computation and controlled experiment application shows an enhanced potential for TCM to be the next-generation model of drugs and research. The complexity of humans’ systems in the human body, the integration of TCM into network pharmacology helps to guide with scientific evidence the components of herbal medicine and herbs with the intervention program aimed at revealing actions required through methodology provisions and developed new opportunities into upgrading the ingredients of herbal medicine. The development of network pharmacology is essential as it will help guide and develop the methods of treatment that follow holistic approach, providing a wider coverage and enhanced treatment models that are well informed and apply the use of herbal medicine that is integrated through the rapid process of biological development and processes in systems biology, network pharmacology and the chemical biology. The understanding molecular complexity of TCM (herbals) in modernization is a significant step to the development of medicine and offers systematic mechanisms to address developing health complications.

Mills, Edward, et al. “African herbal medicines in the treatment of HIV: Hypoxis and Sutherlandia. An overview of evidence and pharmacology.” Nutrition journal 4.1 (2005): 19.

The primary mode of treatment for HIV/ AIDS and other related complication in Africa is the use of traditional medicine that is often herbal medicine. The article’s recommendation is on the provisions and enhancement of efforts by medical practitioners and researchers to develop and evaluate the benefits associated with the natural use of herbal medicine in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Some countries in Africa through the ministry of Health have endorsed the use of herbal medicine in control and treatment of HIV/AIDS, this support comes amidst the lack of clinical trials and no efficiency proved with safety issues discussed. The low-evidence of harm upon herbal drug interactions with ARVs has seen the increased usage of herbal medicine. The provision of valid information by professional health practitioners would help reduce harm and effects associated with failed expectations of herbal medicines and unnecessary costs derived through more therapy and treatment due to the effects of herbal medicines. In relation to my topic, the review of this article is focused on a review of specific herbs supported as a treatment for HIV/AIDS which are; African Potato and Sutherlandia.

Verpoorte, Robert, Young Hae Choi, and Hye Kyong Kim. “Ethnopharmacology and systems biology: a perfect holistic match.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 100.1-2 (2005): 53-56.

In the prescription of traditional medicine as alternatives to modern medicine, the traditional doctors applied the holistic approach. This often includes offering patients with individually customized herbs wit severally combined ingredients. The modern-day approach in the development of drugs has seen the approach focus on a single target with a single compound and single set of effects. This approach is a reductionist that mostly involves the testing of single compounds at molecular levels. The advantages derived from a traditional holistic approach is that it is based on the use of human biological systems that make it more effective as it helps to obtain more information that would help in the understanding model of actions to be used in the development of effective medicine. In the holistic approach that also includes a systems biology approach will help detect the interaction of two or more substances recording their effects and the metabolic compounds converted in the body as the reductionist approach will recognize neither as it is set to recognize activities on known targets. The recognition of compounds that are able to usefully detect effects of compounds on test organisms apply the use of metabolomics as a major tool which can establish traditional methods clearly in traditional medicine.

Zhang, Gui-biao, et al. “Network pharmacology: a new approach for Chinese herbal medicine research.” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013).

In the general issue of alternative medicine, the Chinese herbal medicine has been viewed as integral in this transitional process that seeks to address complex diseases using various approaches with multiple effects on multiple targets rather than the usual modes that relied on a single disease with a single target on one single gene. The Chinese herbal medicine that is based on the human system biology and polypharmacology has in a great way influenced a lot of aspects that affect the drug discovery strategies. Though it has been recognized and appreciated for the development of theories on which it is beneficial and effective contributions to the public health in that the drugs can have multiple effects on multiple targets rather than just a single target. It has not been fully acknowledged, as the mechanisms involved are scarce. The article looks into introducing network pharmacology, its application and significance in the modern medicine era. The role of Chinese herbal medicine in the development of strategy and network development in medicinal research is crucial in the application and development of alternative effective pharmacology medicine.

Works Cited

Goldman, Peter. “Herbal medicines today and the roots of modern pharmacology.” Annals of internal medicine 135.8_Part_1 (2001): 594-600.

Li, Shao, et al. “Network pharmacology in traditional chinese medicine.” Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2014 (2014).

Mills, Edward, et al. “African herbal medicines in the treatment of HIV: Hypoxis and Sutherlandia. An overview of evidence and pharmacology.” Nutrition journal 4.1 (2005): 19.

Verpoorte, Robert, Young Hae Choi, and Hye Kyong Kim. “Ethnopharmacology and systems biology: a perfect holistic match.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 100.1-2 (2005): 53-56.

Zhang, Gui-biao, et al. “Network pharmacology: a new approach for chinese herbal medicine research.” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013).

Name

Professor

Course

Date

Alternative Medicine in Pharmacology

Goldman, Peter. “Herbal medicines today and the roots of modern pharmacology.” Annals of internal medicine 135.8_Part_1 (2001): 594-600.

The modern principles of pharmacology that have enhanced the development of safer and more effective drug production were guided by the existence of folk medicine. Through the measurements of concentration and chemical components, herbal medicine was improved. Through the application of randomized trials and controlled trials herbs have been evaluated and found to be effective. It is noted that the adverse effects of herb medicine go unreported and the inconsistency in their components raise issues with the safety of the treatment model. Their effects cannot be certain as their study shows standardization due to lack of consistency thus unlike modern medicine later complications of herbal medicine cannot be linked. The article has recorded evidence-based models that show herbs and modern medicine cannot be used together due to uncertainty of the reactions involved. Although studies conducted indicated effectiveness of herbal medicine, the issues on safety and consistency need to address to ensure that herbal medicine as alternatives to pharmacology medicine can rely on upon without concerns, thus the need for standardization as the burden of proof is on drug and drug administration. As alternatives to pharmacology medicine, herbal medicine is often regulated as dietary supplements even though they are not officially subject to regulatory clearance that pharmacology medicine is needed, such as proved effects, safety and demonstrated later effects associated with their consumptions.

Li, Shao, et al. “Network pharmacology in traditional chinese medicine.” Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2014 (2014).

The next discovery model in drugs has seen the rise of network pharmacology that focuses on the shift from one drug, one target to the network target, with multiple forms of medication nor even treatment. This provision is used to prove the traditional holistic approach that was utilized by the Chinese traditional herbalists. This form with the used of technological advancement can be the next future of pharmacology medicine providing alternatives for a targeted drug. The traditional Chinese medicine has often offered an in-depth perspective that helps to control various diseases control measures. The integration of traditional Chinese model through computation and controlled experiment application shows an enhanced potential for TCM to be the next-generation model of drugs and research. The complexity of humans’ systems in the human body, the integration of TCM into network pharmacology helps to guide with scientific evidence the components of herbal medicine and herbs with the intervention program aimed at revealing actions required through methodology provisions and developed new opportunities into upgrading the ingredients of herbal medicine. The development of network pharmacology is essential as it will help guide and develop the methods of treatment that follow holistic approach, providing a wider coverage and enhanced treatment models that are well informed and apply the use of herbal medicine that is integrated through the rapid process of biological development and processes in systems biology, network pharmacology and the chemical biology. The understanding molecular complexity of TCM (herbals) in modernization is a significant step to the development of medicine and offers systematic mechanisms to address developing health complications.

Mills, Edward, et al. “African herbal medicines in the treatment of HIV: Hypoxis and Sutherlandia. An overview of evidence and pharmacology.” Nutrition journal 4.1 (2005): 19.

The primary mode of treatment for HIV/ AIDS and other related complication in Africa is the use of traditional medicine that is often herbal medicine. The article’s recommendation is on the provisions and enhancement of efforts by medical practitioners and researchers to develop and evaluate the benefits associated with the natural use of herbal medicine in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Some countries in Africa through the ministry of Health have endorsed the use of herbal medicine in control and treatment of HIV/AIDS, this support comes amidst the lack of clinical trials and no efficiency proved with safety issues discussed. The low-evidence of harm upon herbal drug interactions with ARVs has seen the increased usage of herbal medicine. The provision of valid information by professional health practitioners would help reduce harm and effects associated with failed expectations of herbal medicines and unnecessary costs derived through more therapy and treatment due to the effects of herbal medicines. In relation to my topic, the review of this article is focused on a review of specific herbs supported as a treatment for HIV/AIDS which are; African Potato and Sutherlandia.

Verpoorte, Robert, Young Hae Choi, and Hye Kyong Kim. “Ethnopharmacology and systems biology: a perfect holistic match.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 100.1-2 (2005): 53-56.

In the prescription of traditional medicine as alternatives to modern medicine, the traditional doctors applied the holistic approach. This often includes offering patients with individually customized herbs wit severally combined ingredients. The modern-day approach in the development of drugs has seen the approach focus on a single target with a single compound and single set of effects. This approach is a reductionist that mostly involves the testing of single compounds at molecular levels. The advantages derived from a traditional holistic approach is that it is based on the use of human biological systems that make it more effective as it helps to obtain more information that would help in the understanding model of actions to be used in the development of effective medicine. In the holistic approach that also includes a systems biology approach will help detect the interaction of two or more substances recording their effects and the metabolic compounds converted in the body as the reductionist approach will recognize neither as it is set to recognize activities on known targets. The recognition of compounds that are able to usefully detect effects of compounds on test organisms apply the use of metabolomics as a major tool which can establish traditional methods clearly in traditional medicine.

Zhang, Gui-biao, et al. “Network pharmacology: a new approach for Chinese herbal medicine research.” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013).

In the general issue of alternative medicine, the Chinese herbal medicine has been viewed as integral in this transitional process that seeks to address complex diseases using various approaches with multiple effects on multiple targets rather than the usual modes that relied on a single disease with a single target on one single gene. The Chinese herbal medicine that is based on the human system biology and polypharmacology has in a great way influenced a lot of aspects that affect the drug discovery strategies. Though it has been recognized and appreciated for the development of theories on which it is beneficial and effective contributions to the public health in that the drugs can have multiple effects on multiple targets rather than just a single target. It has not been fully acknowledged, as the mechanisms involved are scarce. The article looks into introducing network pharmacology, its application and significance in the modern medicine era. The role of Chinese herbal medicine in the development of strategy and network development in medicinal research is crucial in the application and development of alternative effective pharmacology medicine.

Works Cited

Goldman, Peter. “Herbal medicines today and the roots of modern pharmacology.” Annals of internal medicine 135.8_Part_1 (2001): 594-600.

Li, Shao, et al. “Network pharmacology in traditional chinese medicine.” Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2014 (2014).

Mills, Edward, et al. “African herbal medicines in the treatment of HIV: Hypoxis and Sutherlandia. An overview of evidence and pharmacology.” Nutrition journal 4.1 (2005): 19.

Verpoorte, Robert, Young Hae Choi, and Hye Kyong Kim. “Ethnopharmacology and systems biology: a perfect holistic match.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 100.1-2 (2005): 53-56.

Zhang, Gui-biao, et al. “Network pharmacology: a new approach for chinese herbal medicine research.” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013).